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the others using the appropriate protocol from this layer. The most well-known
and
widely
used of
IP
is the IPv4 or Internet Protocol
version Protocol. Other IP protocol
is
the
IPv6
that will
be consider
the
future of
IP.
The reason why IPv6 consider to be the
next generation of IP will be discuss more detail in the next chapter.
The Internet Protocol is the building block of the Internet. Its functions include [7]:
Defining the datagram, which is the basic unit of transmission in the Internet
Defining the Internet addressing scheme
Moving data between the Network Access Layer and the Transport Layer
Routing datagrams to remote hosts
Performing fragmentation and re-assembly of datagrams
Other protocols that work in this layer are:
2.2.3.1 ICMP
ICMP
stands
for
Internet
Control
Message
Protocol.
ICMP
is
an
error-reporting protocol
that works with Internet Protocol
(IP) and provides
the
functions
used
for
networklayer
management and control. Routers send ICMP messages to respond to undeliverable
datagrams by placing an ICMP message in an IP datagram and then sending the datagram
back to the original source. ICMP is also used by the Ping command [6].
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