7
Frankenstein,
in 1818, and of the rediscovery
of Celtic
and Scandinavian
literatures,
especially by William Morris.
It
is
obvious that
a
fantasy is
supposed to
create in
and
for
its
reader a sense of
wonder and
to
present the
reader \Vith a
universe that supports anc!is
supported
by
that
sense of
wonder.
As
Tolkien
indirectly suggested
in
"Beowulf: The Monsters
and the
Critics" and
later
directly expounded
in
''On Fairy
Stories," the
fantasy
world is
a
place
in
which
the
Hero
and
the
Dragon are
natural elements and
natural adversaries, in
which
magic
is a reality
governed by
natural
(or
supernatural) laws,
and
in
which
no
Hero
says,
as
would
a
character
in
a
realistic
novel,
"There
are no
such
things
as dragons."
The
things
that
are
impossible and
iilll
of wonder for
tl1e reader
is
very
real
to
the
inhabitants
of what
Tolkien
call
the
Secondary World.
It tskes
an
astonishing
power
of imagination
to create
a cohesive
Secondary
World of
which
me
impossible
is
a
logical
part,
and
when
the
aufuor
has
done hls or
her
work
we!!,
as
Guin
says,
with
"all
his
skill,
all
his
art,
and
a!!his
heart" (Cameron:130),
it will
result
a
collection of outstanc!ing fantasy novels. (
2.2.Fantmsy
Element
Fiction is anything that
hasn't
necessarily happened.
One
of
its
elements
is
fac'ltasy. Fantasy
is
any
story
of
the
impossible··a ta!e
inducting events
that
contradict
the
laws of
the
natural
world.
Fantasy
is
an
original
story
that can be
traced to
an
original
text
and
aufuor
B.html).
Fantasy can
be a confusing genre,
because some
people aren't
clear. on
what
it
is,
where
it
overlaps
(or
doesn't)
wifu
science
fiction,
and
so
forth
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