12
Database Planning
System Definition
Requirements Collection
and Analysis
DBMS Selection
(optional)
Database
Design
Conceptual
Database Design
Logical Database
Design
Application Design
Physical
Database Design
Prototyping (optional)
Implementation
Data Conversion
and
Loading
Testing
Operational
Maintenance
Gambar 2.1 Database Application Lifecycle (Connolly, 2002, p272)
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