BAB 2
LANDASAN TEORI
2.1 Kecerdasan Buatan (Artificial Intelligence)
Berikut adalah beberapa definisi dari Artificial Intelligence, yang digolongkan ke
dalam 4 (empat) kategori (Russell dan Norvig, 1995):
1. Sistem yang berpikir seperti manusia
a.
“The exciting new effort to make computers think … machines
with
minds, in the full and literal sense.” (Haugeland, 1985)
b. “[The
automation
of]
activities
that
we
associate
with
human
thinking,
activities
such
as
decision-making, problem
solving,
learning
...”
(Bellman, 1978)
2. Sistem yang berpikir secara rasional
a. “The study of mental faculties through the use of computational models.”
(Charniak and McDermott, 1985)
b. “The study of computations that make it possible to perceive, reason, and
act.” (Winston, 1992)
3. Sistem yang bertindak seperti manusia
a.
“The
art
of
creating machines that
perform
functions that
require
intelligence when performed by people.” (Kurzweil, 1990)
b. “The study of how to make computers do things at which, at the moment,
people are better.” (Rich dan Knight, 1991)
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