CHAPTER II
THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
In this chapter, the theories are described as they are needed to support the
analysis in chapter three. For the first, the writer writes about the Marxism Theory.
The second and third part the writer writes about lower-class and upper-class, and
class struggle. In fourth part, the writer writes about the character in literature.
2.1 Marxism Theory
Marxism
is
an
understanding
which follows
insights
of
Karl
Marx. Karl
Marx was a German philosopher and revolutionary socialist, who developed the
socio-political theory of Marxism. Karl Marx
come from
the European
industrial
society in the 19th century, with all the
injustice, exploitation of
human beings that
upper-class
(rich) /
lower-class (poor). A follower of this theory
is called
as
a
Marxist.
Lois Tyson writes about Marxism in his book Critical Theory Today (2006).
He mentions that Marxism deals with getting and keeping economic power is the
motive behind all social and political activities, including education, philosophy,
religion, government, the art, science, technology, the media, and so on (p.53). He
also says in Marxist, economic conditions are referred to as material circumstance
(p.54). Moreover, Marxist analysis of human events and productions focuses on
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