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2.5.2 Risiko (Risk)
isk
is
the
prospect
of
an
unfavorable outcome.
his concept has been
measured
operationally
as
the
standard
deviation
or
beta." (Keown,
Martin,
Petty,
Scoot, 2002, p177)
isk is refers to the chance that some unfavorable event will occur (a
hazards
a
perils
exposure
to
loss
or
injury). If you invest in speculative stocks (or
reallys any stock)s
you are taking a risk in the hope of making an appreciable return."
(Brigham, Houston, 2001, p230)
isk means uncertainty about future rates of return. We can quantify that
uncertainty
using probability distributions."
(Bodie, Kane, Marcus, 2002, p136)
2.5.3 Standar Deviasi (Standard Deviation)
he
standard deviation
of
the
rate
of
return
(s)
is
a
measure
of
risk.
It
is
defined as the
square
root of the
variances which
in turn
is
the expected
value of
the
squared deviations from the expected return."
(Bodie, Kane, Marcus, 2002, p137)
Sehingga dapat dikatakan risiko mengacu kepada penyimpangan dari suatu
variabel
dan
standar
deviasi
adalah
ukuran statistik mengenai penyimpangan dari
serangkaian
hasil observasi. Makin kecil standar deviasi,
makin
rapat distribusi
probabilitas, maka makin kecil risiko saham.
Rumus:
n
(return
in
year t
average
return)
t
1
number
of
years
1
 |