52
Related activities
Chooses and
performs better
at
challenging tasks,
prefer personal
responsibility, seeks
and
utilizes
feedback
on
performance quality
innovates to improve
Accumulates
“prestige supplies,”
often tries
to
convince others,
more often
Makes
more
local
phone calls,
visits,
seeks approval,
dislikes disagreeing
with strangers,
better grades
from a
warm teacher.
Sumber : Morgan, 1986, p281
Morgan
(1986:283)
menyatakan:
“Need for
Achivement
was one of the
first social
motives to be studied in detail and research into this motive continues today”. Pernyataan
tersebut
berarti
kebutuhan berprestasi adalah salah satu motif sosial
pertama
yang
dipelajari
dan
diteliti secara
detail oleh
David McClelland. Brenneck
dan
Amick
(1978,
p122-123)
mengutip pendapat David McClelland menyatakan: “He finds that achivement
motivation is a
powerfull
force
in
many
societies
of
the
world,
especially those
with
high
levels
of
technological
development,
affluence, and success oriented. McClelland suggest that while
many people in
such societies do
in
fact have strong needs for personal achivement,…”.
Pernyataan
tersebut
berarti
kebutuhan
berprestasi
(needs
achievement)
memiliki
pengaruh
yang
kuat dalam
sebagian
masyarakat
di dunia,
khususnya
mereka
yang
mengikuti
perkembangan teknologi dan berorientasi pada kekayaan dan kesuksesan.
Pada
Tabel
2.5
di
atas,
dijelaskan
tiga
kebutuhan
dikaitkan
dengan
tiga
karakteristik
seseorang sebagai berikut (Morgan, 1986, p281-282):
1. Kebutuhan Berprestasi (Achievement Needs) yang memiliki karakteristik :
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