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televisi, agaknya ini tidak berarti pula bahwa khalayak itu besar
dan pada
umumnya agak sukar untuk didefinisikan. Kedua, komunikasi massa adalah
komunikasi yang disalurkan oleh pemancar-pemancar yang audio dan atau
visual. Komunikasi massa barangkali akan lebih mudah dan lebih logis bila
didefinisikan menurut bentuknya (televisi, radio, surat kabar,
majalah, film,
buku, dan pita).
Dari
berbagai definisi yang telah disebutkan diatas, peneliti dapat
menarik kesimpulan bahwa sebuah proses komunikasi massa bersumber dari
komunikator yang terorganisir, serta ditujukan untuk sekelompok individu
dalam skala yang besar, heterogen, dan tidak memiliki spesifikasi tertentu.
Proses ini mensyaratkan penggunaan media massa, entah itu media cetak
maupun elektronik, dimana penggunaan media elektronik seperti televisi dan
radio menggunakan sebuah pemancar audio dan/atau visual.
Selain itu, Kurt Lang & Gladys Engel Lang melalui jurnal dengan
judul “Mass Society, Mass Culture, and Mass Communication: The Meaning
of Mass” mengatakan bahwa
We begin with a quick look back at how “mass communication”
came to denote characteristics that today most everyone takes
for granted. When people speak of the media, they usually have
in mind corporate bodies or government agencies whose access
to modern technology enables them to disseminate the same
uniform content to a geographically dispersed multitude. At
first, this capability was confined to cheap print, and then later
expanded to motion-pictures, both of which were still dependent
on physical transport. This limitation did not extend to either
radio or television, which, given their wide reach, were destined
to become the media of mass communication par excellence. But
to develop into mass communication, the new technology had to
be employed to reach a large audience. As late as the end of the
1920s, Ernest W. Burgess (1886-1966), a University of Chicago
sociologist whose interest was mostly in human ecology, could
still write about the conquest of space by new forms of
transportation and communication, such as the automobile, the
motion picture, the airplane, and the radio, without even a
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