10
locate it over
network and start exchanging
messages or data collectively. For additional
note, those IP addresses are translated to domain
names by Domain Name Server (DNS).
It
works
in
network
layer.
Alternatively, host
can
simply
use
MAC
address
as
its
communication address. MAC address works
very
much
the
same
with
IP address,
that
is, to
have physical
identity across the
network. It
is
48-bit address
written
in
six octets
hex
code.
The
difference
is
that
MAC
address
is
uniquely
attained
from
the
network
interface card of the host.
Every NIC product has unique MAC address. It works in data
link layer.
2.1.1.1 Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP)
TCP/IP
protocol
architecture
is
a
standardized
set
of
procedures,
as
a
result
of
protocol
research
and
development that
was
conducted
on
the
experimental
packet-
switched
network,
ARPANET,
funded
by
the
Defense
Advanced Research Projects
Agency
(DARPA).
It
is
also
commonly referred
as
Internet
protocol
suite
that
is
comprised
of
a
large
collection of
protocols that
are
used
as
Internet
standards
by
the
Internet
Architecture Board
(IAB)
[3].
This
basically
specifies
set
of
rules
for
communication
between
computers
in
Internet,
establishes
and
terminates
connection,
and
ensures
there
is
error-free
in
data
transmission process
and
data
is
arrived
in
order
they were sent.
TCP/IP
protocol
consists
of
several
independent layers
for
the
network
communication task:
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